炼油装置运行周期评估技术及应用

炼油装置运行周期评估技术通过统计、分析装置故障数据,计算特定时间段装置的可靠性,进而获得装置可靠性随时间的变化规律和装置可靠性最差设备排序。介绍了该技术在某常减压装置的应用,应用结果表明,该评估技术为科学确定炼油装置运行周期提供了决策依据。     

二十一世纪大型炼油厂给排水系统节水设计

分析了我国炼油厂环境污染存在的问题，提出了21世纪炼油厂给排水系统节水的具体措施。     

Enhanced removal of high-As(Ⅲ) from Cl(-Ⅰ)-diluted SO4(-Ⅱ)-rich wastewater at pH 2.3 via mixed tooeleite and(Cl(-Ⅰ)-free) ferric arsenite hydroxychloride formation

An advanced cost-saving method of removal of high-As(Ⅲ) from SO₄(-Ⅱ)-rich metallurgi cal wastewater has been developed by diluting the SO₄(-Ⅱ) content with As(Ⅲ)-Cl(-Ⅰ)-rich metallurgical wastewater and then by the direct precipitation of As(Ⅲ) with Fe(Ⅲ) at pH2.3.As(Ⅲ) removal at various SO₄(-Ⅱ)/Cl(-Ⅰ) molar ratios and temperatures was investigated The results showed that 65.2–98.2%of As(III) immobilization into solids occurred at the SO₄(Ⅱ)/Cl(-Ⅰ) mo...     

事故出流时河流综合水质的计算机预测方法研究

河流上游的污水排放口或倒虹管等污水构筑因有可能发生事故出流而对下游的取水口存在着潜在的威胁，常规的单参数模型不能就事故出流对下游的影响作出公正评价。本文以QUAL－Ⅱ模型为骨架，以生动形象的动画形式演示出在整个排污过程中多个水质参数沿河道分布的变化全过程，并且，在模型中融入隶属度BP神经网络综合评价水质的模块，用它来对发生事故出流时下游取水口水域的水质变化进行综合评价，最后通过一个例子说明了该方法的优越性和合理性。     

二噁英的毒性与防治

分析了二英的化学结构与毒性的关系，二英的来源，对人体健康的潜在危害以及可能造成的环境污染，提出了防治措施。     

Adsorptive removal of phosphate by the bimetallic hydroxide nanocomposites embedded in pomegranate peel

This study aimed to fabricate new and effective material for the efficiency of phosphate adsorption. Two types of adsorbent materials, the zirconium hydroxides embedded in pomegranate peel (Zr/Peel) and zirconium-lanthanum hydroxides embedded in pomegranate peel (Zr–La/Peel) were developed. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) were evaluated to give insight into the physicochemical properties of these adsorbents. Zr–La/Peel exceeded the adsorption efficiency of Zr/Peel adsorbents in batch adsorption experiments at the same pH level. The peel as a host can strive to have a strong “shielding effect” to increase the steadiness of the entrenched Zr and La elements. La and Zr are hydroxide metals that emit many hydrogen ions during the hydrolysis reaction, which contribute to protonation and electrostatic attraction. The highest adsorption capacity of La–Zr/Peel for phosphate was calculated to be 40.21 mg/g, and pseudo second-order equation is very well fitted for kinetic adsorption. Phosphate adsorption efficiency was reduced by an increase of pH. With the background of coexisting Cl^?, little effect on adsorption efficiency was observed, while adsorption capacities were reduced by almost 20–30% with the coexistence of ${{\text{SO}}_4}^{2?}$, ${{\text{NO}}_3}^{?}$ and humic acid (HA).     

焦化废水中解氰细菌的分离选育

从被氰化物长期污染的太原某焦化厂－曝活性污泥和黄血盐工段废水中,用浓度梯度法分离选育耐ＣＮ＾－性较高的１２个菌株中,选出６个菌株,并进行ＣＮ＾－降解率的测试,结果表明,顺２４℃,菌株００７号、０１２号及１＾＃混６ｈ的ＣＮ＾－降解率达８０％以上;若进水ＣＮ＾－浓度为４０ｍｇ／Ｌ,水力停留时间８ｈ,出水ＣＮ＾－下降到０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ,达到污水排放一级标准。     

污水处理厂与城市公园建设

从环境效益、经济效益和社会效益三个方面分析和探讨了污水处理厂与城市公园建设的优越性。把污水处理厂、城市公园和环保教育综合为一体是可行的。     

潜在危害性指数法在筛选污染因子中的应用

介绍了潜在危害性指数法的基本原理和计算公式，通过某大型化工企业的实例，提出了应用的要求，并筛选出了企业的９项主要的环境监测因子。     

世界银行贷款项目中的滇池流域工业污染控制

世界银行贷款项目对滇池流域重点工业污染源控制十分重视，把其列为贷款的重点。本文在对大量基础资料分析研究的基础上，通过对滇池流域重点工业污染源的深入研究，就其治理工艺、技术进行了深入的探讨，提出了一套完整而合适的控制方案，通过实施本项目，可以在相当程度上控制住排入滇池的工业污染物，从而为改善滇池水质作出巨大的贡献。